Periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD) is also known as sleep myoclonus or nocturnal myoclonus. It is a sleep disorder in which the patient moves the limb (body parts) unconsciously while sleeping and causes sleep disruption. The limb movement includes the lower extremities (legs movement), movement of the toe, and ankle movement. In some patients, the limb movement can also befall in upper limbs (body parts) as well.
The limb movement usually occurs in Non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM). "NREM is a sleep in which brain waves on the electroencephalographic (EEG) recounting are low and of high voltage, the breathing and heart rate are low and regular, the blood pressure is low, and the sleeper is comparatively still". The repetitive limb movements divided by frequent intervals of 5 to 90 seconds.
Patients in danger of Periodic Limb Movement Disorder (PLMD)?
Many people experience Periodic Limb Movements in Sleep (PLMS). According to stats, around 80% of patients with restless legs syndrome (RLS) and about 30% of people above 65 years experience Periodic Limb Movement Disorder (PLMD). Periodic Limb Movements in Sleep (PLMS) is most prevalent in patients with narcolepsy and REM behaviour disorder.
Symptoms and Causes for Periodic Limb Movement Disorder (PLMD)?
If we talk about the causes of PLMD, there are no definite causes of PLMD If we talk about its causes. Although, some of the medications (like antidepressants, antihistamines, and antipsychotics) can make PLMD worse.
Most of the people suffering from PLMD are not cognizant of unconscious limb movements. Its symptoms include daytime tiredness, daytime sleepiness, unhealthy sleep, repeat awakenings from sleep.
Periodic Limb Movement Disorder (PLMD): Diagnosis and Tests
The diagnosis of Periodic Limb Movement Disorder (PLMD), based on the medical condition of the patient and on overnight Polysomnogram (PSG). It is a test which reads sleep and the bioelectrical signals originating from the body during sleep. Perform, a complete neurological examination to treat the root cause of the diseases.
Periodic Limb Movement Disorder (PLMD): Management & Treatment
Patient should avod products (like chocolate, coffee, tea, and soft drinks) which contains caffeine as it intensifies PLMD symptoms.
If we talk about its treatment, there are several classes of drugs that are fruitful in the treatment of PLMD. Those medications which belong from dopamine agonist, anticonvulsant medications, benzodiazepines, and narcotics, family of drugs are useful in the treatment of PLMD. You can use Zolpidem (Ambien), Xanax, Zopiclone, and Tramadol to treat PLMD as directed by your doctor.
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