Dwarf planets were introduced to the world in 2006, when Pluto was demoted from planet status and reclassified as a dwarf planet. The International Astronomical Union (IAU) currently recognises Eris and Ceres as dwarf planets. What makes a dwarf planet different from a planet? They are nearly identical in most ways, but there is one significant difference: A dwarf planet has not "cleared the neighbourhood" around its orbit, which means it does not have gravitational dominance and shares its orbital space with other bodies of similar size. (This definition is being debated by astronomers and other experts.)
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Venus is the second planet from the Sun and the sixth largest and most massive planet in the solar system. Venus is the closest large body to Earth other than the Moon; at its closest, it is the closest large body to Earth. Venus' orbit is closer to the Sun than Earth's, so the planet is always roughly in the same direction in the sky as the Sun and can only be seen near sunrise or sunset. It is the most brilliant planet in the sky when visible. The planet Venus is represented by the symbol ♀.
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Uranus is the least massive of the solar system's four giant, or Jovian, planets, which also include Jupiter, Saturn, and Neptune. It is the seventh planet in distance from the Sun and the least massive of the solar system's four giant, or Jovian, planets. Uranus is only visible to the naked eye as a blue-green point of light at its brightest. It's identified by the symbol ♅.
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Mars is the fourth planet in the solar system. The Romans named the Red Planet after their god of war, which suited the planet's bloody hue. In reality, the Romans copied the ancient Greeks, who named the planet Ares after their god of war. Other civilizations also gave the planet names based on its colour, such as the Egyptians, who named it "Her Desher," which means "the red one," and ancient Chinese astronomers, who dubbed it "the fire star."Mars' bright rust colour is due to iron-rich minerals in its regolith, which is the loose dust and rock that covers its surface. Earth's soil is also a type of regolith, albeit one with a high organic content. The iron minerals oxidise, or rust, causing the soil to appear red, according to NASA.
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Look up at the sky if you're on a dark country hill at night. A faint band of light may appear arcing overhead, resembling milk spilled across the sky. The band was named via lacteal by the ancient Romans, which means "milky road" or "milky way."  Of course, the band of light you see isn't milk—a it's galaxy. A galaxy is a large group of stars that are clustered together in space. Our solar system, which consists of the sun, Earth,...